Compact bone (or cortical bone) forms the hard external layer of all bones and surrounds the medullary cavity, or bone marrow. It provides protection and strength to bones. Compact bone tissue consists of units called osteons or Haversian systems.
Let's go through each type and see examples.
- Flat Bones Protect Internal Organs.
- Long Bones Support Weight and Facilitate Movement.
- Short Bones Are Cube-shaped.
- Irregular Bones Have Complex Shapes.
- Sesamoid Bones Reinforce Tendons.
The major functions of the bones are body support, facilitation of movement, protection of internal organs, storage of minerals and fat, and hematopoiesis. Together, the muscular system and skeletal system are known as the musculoskeletal system.
What is the major difference between compact and spongy bone? The major difference between the two types of tissue is the organization of the elements. The differences in location in the body, chemical activation, or types of minerals contained are not as relevant.
Compact bone is located in the diaphysis of long bones and thinner superficial surface of all other bones.
A fossa (from the Latin "fossa", ditch or trench) is a depression or hollow, usually in a bone, such as the hypophyseal fossa, the depression in the sphenoid bone. A meatus is a short canal that opens to another part of the body. A fovea (Latin: pit) is a small pit, usually on the head of a bone.
Similarities Between Compact and Spongy Bone
Compact bone and spongy bones are the two types of bones in animals. Both compact and spongy bones are made up of osseous tissue, which is a type of connective tissue that makes the bone. Both compact and spongy bones are involved in the movement of the body.The advantages of Spongy bones is it's lighter than compact bone yet still strong and they follow the lines of stress which helps with support. Which type of free movable joint allows for the most range of motion? Disks of rubbery cartilage are formed between the individual bones in the spinal column.
Spongy bone consists of plates (trabeculae) and bars of bone adjacent to small, irregular cavities that contain red bone marrow. The canaliculi connect to the adjacent cavities, instead of a central haversian canal, to receive their blood supply.
Osteon, the chief structural unit of compact (cortical) bone, consisting of concentric bone layers called lamellae, which surround a long hollow passageway, the Haversian canal (named for Clopton Havers, a 17th-century English physician).
Bone is composed of four different cell types; osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts and bone lining cells. Osteoblasts, bone lining cells and osteoclasts are present on bone surfaces and are derived from local mesenchymal cells called progenitor cells.
Compact bone (or cortical bone) forms the hard external layer of all bones and surrounds the medullary cavity, or bone marrow. It provides protection and strength to bones. Compact bone tissue consists of units called osteons or Haversian systems.
Compact bone is the denser, stronger of the two types of osseous tissue (Figure 6.3. 6). It makes up the outer cortex of all bones and is in immediate contact with the periosteum. In long bones, as you move from the outer cortical compact bone to the inner medullary cavity, the bone transitions to spongy bone.
Spongy bone is important because it houses the red bone marrow that produces red and white blood cells as well as platelets.
medullary cavity: The medullary cavity, also known as the marrow cavity, is the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored. diaphysis: The central shaft of any long bone.
There are two types of bone tissue: compact and spongy. The names imply that the two types differ in density, or how tightly the tissue is packed together. There are three types of cells that contribute to bone homeostasis.
Classification of Bones
- Long Bones. The bones of the body come in a variety of sizes and shapes.
- Short Bones. Short bones are roughly cube shaped with vertical and horizontal dimensions approximately equal.
- Flat Bones. Flat bones are thin, flattened, and usually curved.
- Irregular Bones.
Bone marrow is found in the center of most bones and has many blood vessels. There are two types of bone marrow: red and yellow. Red marrow contains blood stem cells that can become red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets. Yellow marrow is made mostly of fat.
Like flat bones, the function of irregular bones is to protect various parts of your body. For example, your vertebrae protect your spinal cord.
Osteocytes are the longest living bone cell, making up 90–95% of cells in bone tissue in contrast to osteoclasts and osteoblasts making up ~5% (40). Residing within the lacuna of the mineralized bone matrix, osteocytes form dendritic processes that extend out from their cell bodies into spaces known as canaliculi.
Cancellous bone can develop into compact bone through the action of bone-forming cells called osteoblasts. It is in that manner that all long bones develop in the embryo. The osteoblasts deposit new bone matrix in layers around the trabeculae, which thus enlarge at the expense of the spaces between them.
